Monday, December 30, 2019

The Role Of Leland Was Played Orson Welles Life Long Friend

The role of Jedediah Leland was played Orson Welles’ life-long friend, Joseph Cotten, well-known as a stage, radio, television, and film actor. Beginning acting in the 1920s, Cotten later teamed up with Orson Welles at the Mercury Theater in the 1930s, where the collaboration would bring him stardom. Cotten’s acting style was intense, soft-spoken, and chivalrous with a trace of a Southern drawl mixed in. His height, combined with his wavy-haired looks, unconventional features made him perfect to play offbeat characters in films. Cotten became Welles’ life-long friend since working together at the Mercury Theatre in the late 1930s to the day Welles died in 1985. Some of Cotten’s best films are Citizen Kane (1941), The Magnificent Ambersons†¦show more content†¦Welles had been living overseas in Europe for ten years, earning some success there, and later had decided to return to America to work on films. In 1958, he was instantly offered a role in Touch of Evil, but the leading actor (Charlton Heston) thought he should direct the film, as John Grant elaborates in his book, A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Film Noir: The Essential Reference Guide. â€Å"Welles got the job of directing Touch of Evil because of Heston, who, hearing Welles was to be his costar, urged Universal to make him director as well. Universal agreed, but only if the budget for the movie was kept artificially low and Welles himself worked for free. The actors thus had to work for a fraction of their normal rates; even so, Welles had no trouble finding his cast† (Gant 658). Notwithstanding, many people in show business at that time just wanted to work with Welles on anything creative, he was still that popular, even though he was underappreciated by the studios. This production was going to be run independently by Welles, who despised studio producers taking control of a director’s artistic work. He made it work, was a very meticulous as a director and writer, and did everything under budget and on time. However, Universal Studios felt the film was a disaster, unwatchable, and didn’t make sense of the plot. Despite the fantastic collaboration of Welles and his cinematographer Russell Metty, an expert on light and shadow, low angles, and skillfullyShow MoreRelatedCitizen Kane Analysis2693 Words   |  11 Pages Orson Welles Citizen Kane Success the first time around is very uncommon. Orson Welless first feature film richly realizes the full potential of excellent craftsmanship. Citizen Kane is almost indisputably the greatest achievement in the history of filming. In 1941, this film was considered by many as the best film ever made. This film is about the enormous conflict between two twentieth-century icons, publisher William Randolph Hearst and the prodigy of his time, Orson Welles. The ratherRead MoreIM an Entertainment Person1980 Words   |  8 Pagesmovement and actions of figures appearing within the film. The iconic Citizen Kane (Welles, 1941), a biopic that traces the life of fictional newspaper magnate Charles Kane, uses the elements of mise-en-scene to reinforce ‘loss’ as a recurring theme throughout the film. As a faceless reporter goes about collecting personal recounts of Kane, the stories told suggest that throughout the majority of his life, Kane was â€Å"moving inevitably toward [an inner state of] bitterness, disappointment and loss†

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder - 3746 Words

Doll Making With School Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Petra Artz School Of Visual Arts Introduction Clinical Setting The following directive was developed as part of ongoing individual art therapy for students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) attending a Jewish culture school. Students at the school range between three and eleven, and are classified as being either pre-school aged or school aged. Students are separated in their classes, based on level of functioning, as well as age. Each student has an individualized education plan (IEP) that specifies any extra therapies they receive, including occupational, speech, and physical therapy. Art therapy is not included on the IEP, but is available to all students. These therapies are used in tandem with a full day of Applied Behavioral Therapy (ABA). The students participate in group art therapy once a week in their classrooms. All students over the age of five, within the school-aged group, have individual art therapy sessions at least once a week. There are some students who are seen twice a week if approved by the head art therapist. Population These students are diagnosed as being autistic, a neurodevelopmental disorder, either under the previous DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)- IV criteria or the DSM-5 criteria. Students, who were previously diagnosed according to the DSM-IV classifications, have kept their diagnosis (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013a).Show MoreRelatedChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder1502 Words   |  7 Pagesby a disorder that affects the very things we need to fit in to society. The ability to be able to fit in, communicate and behave in proper ways, allows us to function, work and survive in life. For many children and adults, they live with a disorder that dictates these behaviors and language skills to be very different from the average American. These skills they are challenged with, make it very difficult to live independently. The disorder these individuals live with is called Autism SpectrumRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder1125 Words   |  5 PagesIn the last decade, the rate of autism has experienced a dramatic increase (Gerber 1). There used to be a speculation of an apparent correlation between the numbers of vaccines children receive and the increase of autism. A predominant controversy regarding vaccinations was whether or not one of the side effects of vaccines is Autism Spectrum Disorder. The probability of vaccines in children resulting in autism was challenged by various researchers from around the world has proven to be untrue (GerberRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder Essay2241 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract Siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder have received little Research attention historically, with most family studies focusing on either the child with the illness/disorder or the parents. More recently, research has identified that these children may need support in their own right, yet little published research is reported to inform this support. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the extent to which siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder facing psychosocialRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder993 Words   |  4 PagesNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Autism is defined as a spectrum disorder (ASD). It refers to a wide range of complex neurodevelopment conditions characterized by repetitive and distinctive patterns of behavior and difficulties with social skills, communication, and interaction. The symptoms start from early childhood and affect daily functioning. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC) approximates ASD’s prevalence as 1 in 68 children in the United States.  The DiagnosticRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder1796 Words   |  8 PagesParenting Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Doctors diagnose one in sixty-eight children with Autism Spectrum Disorder every day. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a developmental disorder that affects children’s social skills, communication skills, and their behavior. The symptoms of ASD range from moderate to severe and vary from each child. Raising typical children is difficult, but raising children with disabilities adds to the stress of parenting. There is a strain on parents who have children withRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder949 Words   |  4 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder is a frightening diagnosis for most families that can bring with it fears of an uncertain future. Support for children with autism and their families is essential because it isn t something that children will just grow out of. It is a life-long condition, but the right treatment, support and care can create a positive outcome for everyone concerned. Diagnosis Early diagnosis is the most important thing you can do to help your child, as it is the first step in understandingRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder869 Words   |  4 Pageswith children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) experiences more stress than the typical family without a children with ASD. A previous research study by Baker-Ericzen, Brookman-Frazee Stahmer(2005, p. 194) supports this statement, â€Å"Both parents of children with ASD report higher levels of both parent and child related stress juxtaposed with parents of typically developing toddlers†. In order to comprehend the information of the study, one must understand what autism spectrum disorder is. AutismRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder853 Words   |  4 Pageswise) (Green, S., Davis, C., Karshmer, E., Marsh, P., Straight, B, 2005) Autism spectrum disorder pose greater threat to the family because of many reasons like the child with autism spectrum disorder is likely to be accompanied by disruptive antisocial behaviour. Second for the parents the process of make an accurate diagnosis and obtaining treatment is often a frustrating experience. Third after the diagnoses of the disorder the proper access to the services available for the child and family isRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder2302 Words   |  10 Pagesof all children. Children play for many reasons including learning, exercise, stimulation, and for pure entertainment. They are learning and exploring the world around them by testing out ideas and just having fun playing with simple objects. However, like language, play is a skill that develops in stages. As a child gradually learns to understand the world around him or her, they begin to play and learn by engaging in exploratory and manipulative play. This is no different for child ren withRead MoreChildren With Autism Spectrum Disorder1493 Words   |  6 Pagestwo million individuals are affected by autism in the United States and it is one of the fastest growing disorders but with very much research being put behind it. Autism can tend to be one of the most confusing and stressful disorders but yet it is still able to be coped with lots of patience. Imagine being put down or not given an opportunity deserved because of something that is out of one’s control, more specifically children with autism spectrum disorder. Parents have a huge role in preparing

Friday, December 13, 2019

Managing Conflicts in a Mediated World Free Essays

Chapter 5 provides an in-depth analysis of dimensions and dynamics of conflicts, as they exist in communities.   As indicated in the chapter, the community is awash with conflicts given the fact that every single facet of life can produce conflicts.   For instance interpersonal relations amongst members results into conflicts. We will write a custom essay sample on Managing Conflicts in a Mediated World or any similar topic only for you Order Now    In access of resources in a given community members of that community are likely to be involved in conflicts in the competition of resources especially in situations whereby resources are scarce and there exists no proper structure in society to lead to the fair distribution of the resources. It is better to prevent conflicts where possible than waiting the conflicts to take place and then resolving them.   However as Dalton, and Kellet, (2001) observes, the conflicts witnessed in communities are bound to occur as preventing the conflicts is not very practical given the fact that sources of conflicts are very diverse and very difficult to predict. In a community conflicts are bound to arise and resolution of conflicts involves a good understanding of conflict resolution strategies such as avoidance, win-win and accommodation.   Personally, I have been involved in conflicts with my brother, which really left me feeling like it was wrong and unacceptable to get into conflicting situations with my brother. However the content of chapter five has opened my thinking and enabled me to understand that conflicts do not have always to be wrong or negative. Indeed conflicts if resolved well are a source of great learning.   Whenever I differ with my brother, I will be looking at it as an opportunity to learn more and understand ourselves better.   Especially in cases whereby the conflicts result from differences in opinions, the conflict situation should serve to build our relationship and learn a lot from each other.   Conflicts enable people to come up with the best solutions to problems considering the fact that after brainstorming on the opinions generating the conflict, one is likely to settle for the best solutions especially where a win-win conflict resolution strategy is preferred.   Conflicts on the other hand can negatively affect the quality of life of those involved in the conflict especially in cases whereby people fail to resolve such conflicts amicably. Chapter 6 Chapter 6 provides a deep insight on how to identify conflicts in the work place as well as the different strategies, which can be useful in work place conflict resolution strategies.   Chapter 6 identifies major sources of conflicts in the work place as poor team leadership, difference in opinions, personal differences as well as various cultural diversity in the work force as well as in situations whereby the organization recruits staff from various backgrounds. Cultural differences as a source of conflicts is more common in cases whereby the organization is either a multinational corporation or it has presence in many countries or in some cases, it out sources from offshore. Work place conflicts just like conflicts in the community could have both positive and negative effects on job performance and employee morale depending on how well they are resolved. The management must be able to identify and deal with conflicts as and when they emerge.   This is necessary considering the fact that the organization largely relies on teamwork to function smoothly and any source of conflicts, which serve to prevent smooth coexistence of employees, must be identified and dealt with before they get out of hand and interfere with job performance. Conflict resolution strategies in the work place include avoidance strategy, win-win strategy and accommodation strategy and should be administered to all suitable situations to resolve disputes and conflicts in a positive manner.   The major reason why managers need to have good conflict management skills is the fact that the success of an organization is largely determined by how well the managers can organize workers to function as teams as opposed to functioning as individuals. Therefore conflict management calls for the mangers to form teams, which can work well despite the challenges and end up achieving the much-needed synergetic effect.   Chapter 6 helps us to appreciate the importance of conflict resolution in the work place as well as the negative effects of failing to resolve conflicts as they emerge.   As noted in the chapter failure to properly resolve conflicts can result into a reduction in job output as well as likelihood of an increased employee turn over for those employees who feel discontented with the management of the organisation. That is worst-case scenario resulting from conflicts and organisations though the management are supposed to prevent such eventualities by practicing good conflict resolution strategies. By appreciating the causes of organizational conflicts one is able to negotiate the conflicts and come out of the conflicts stronger.   Personally I have in some instances been engaged in conflicts with work mates. For example I was once put in the same team in the production department with a colleague with whom we always had different viewpoints of dealing with situations at work.   However I learnt to use the accommodative strategy as opposed to the avoidance strategy and as such I was able to overcome the conflicts.   From the conflicts, I learnt that the solution to conflicts was in resolving them but not ignoring the problems.   I also learnt that conflicts should not interfere with job performance and thus should be resolved as soon as they occur. Chapter 7 Chapter 7 provides a deep insight on how to identify conflicts in the family as well as how to deal with those conflicts.   Unless well resolved, the family conflicts are likely to spill over to the community and eventually to the work place. Therefore conflict resolutions at the family level are very important in achieving a coherent society whereby people coexist well. Poor conflict resolution strategies in the family often lead to domestic abuse, child abuse as well as elder abuse.   Therefore putting the needed effort inorder to deal with the family conflicts is very desirable in that it is likely to cause harmony not only at the community level but also in the work place.   Families are an integral part of the society especially given the fact that human beings are social beings who need love, care and recognition.   The quality of relationship a family is involved in has been found to have an impact on the unity of the society. Family relationships are complex and understanding of expectations both male and females have of each other is a daunting task.   The fact that relationships are both dynamic and situational further complicates the nature of relationships. To ensure that, families continue to play their role in the society, there is a need for proper conflict resolution strategies to solve challenges which emerge and threaten the very existence of the family as an institution. However, it is not possible to achieve such unity, harmony and organization without proper law structures and system to protect the rights of the family to exist as well as that of the child to belong to the family and be treated in accordance with the law.   Despite the existence of laws governing the family and children, problems and challenges continue to face today’s families. With the divorce and separation rates soaring up disproportionately, more and more people opting not to marry, the family as a core part of the society is constantly under threat. Conclusion Personally I have really admired the conflict resolution skills of my parents who have been able to keep our family together and very united.   When I start my own family I will always apply the necessary conflict strategies for example avoidance, accommodation or win-win strategy to resolve conflicts. Reference Dalton, D., and Kellet, P. (2001).   Managing Conflict in a Negotiated World.   Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.       How to cite Managing Conflicts in a Mediated World, Essay examples

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Opportunities Making Business with Mobile †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: How is research methodology used in Mobile computing? What are the ethical considerations for the mobile computing? What are the ways data analysis is used in mobile computing research methodology? How the data analysis outcomes presented? Answers: Introduction In this section of the paper, covering research methodology gives with a contemplated route in which exploration is being led. This area gives the strategies and devices to get utilized for gathering the needed data and investigate them appropriately for the ultimate outcomes. Additionally, current review would get subjective into the nature and finished on optimal data premise and examination of realities. The examination of this report would get directed by surrounding subjects out of writing audit and after that investigating the truths on information on the premise gathered through various auxiliary sources like diaries, online articles, books, and so forth (Panneerselvam, 2014). This strategy gets turned out to be the cost and time productive for the analyst and would support in separating important and compelling outcomes out of it. The strategy furnishes with the capability stream of exploration and would support with making compelling determinations. Here, we are dealing with the research methodology that is based on the various opportunities that are making business rising with the help of the mobile computing. It helps in creating new business, expanding the old one and that is with mo bile computing support. Research Methodology The pith of mobile computing is to have the capacity to work from any of the area. The utilization of iPads, tablets, cell phones, and scratch pad, has pushed interest for the gadgets. Advanced specialists have some of the gadgets that empower to finish the work from the limits of their own area. These are the gadgets that arranged to store and get to the lot of essential information. Top administrations and official take choices in the light of data that is prepared without setting off to the workplace. For example, market gauges and deals reports can get through these gadgets or a meeting can happen by means of sound or video conferencing through these gadgets. With such components being highly popular, producers are always thinking of utilizations equipped to bolster diverse administrations as far as mobile computing is concerned. Ethical Consideration Ethical considerations being measured in most of the imperative area while doing any of exploration as it gives enhancement in the validness and unwavering quality of the data incorporated into the review. The analyst in present review had determined on accumulation of dependable and significant information and data from the different sources. The information has broken down legitimately with none of the inclination or distortions in the report (Bryman, 2015). The specialist had likewise endeavored hard to integrate all the significant information as for the topic and had additionally legitimately referenced from the past noticeable researchers and scientists who had uncovered the statistical data points regarding concerned theme. Data source The mobile computing, individuals would work from the solace of any area they wish to the length of the association and the security concerns are suitably measured. In a similar light, nearness of the fast associations has additionally highly developed the utilization of the mobile computing. Being a perpetually rising and developing the innovation, mobile computing will keep on being a center administration in computing, and Information and Communications Technology. In these two themes are used: Safety and security of data is important impact on the society According to Gikas (2013, pp:18-26), mobile computing had confident that the normal population to blend the association mediums to web and then connecting them with powerful, versatile and natural gadgets that could help with acquiring upgrades the daily exercises. With the utilization of such mobile computing gadgets the worries over the privacy and security of the secret data had been expanded. It has been watched that with expansion in the mechanical headway the general population had likewise started abusing the methods such as hacking, and taking the information from the frameworks. The portable PCs or the mobile telephones could be evaluated to anybody and could utilize the data in any capacity. It has been found that this is dangerous to associate with alternate gadgets as it could prompt the abuse of any of the private information. It has been watched that with assistance of mobile telephones and different gadgets individuals had to a great extent required in the virtual worl d and accordingly needs in the eye to eye or individual correspondence in the general public. In this manner, these perspectives are diminishing the holes between the advancements however expanding holes among individuals in a general public. The collection of the data was through the applications of the mobile computing. Users education about technological concerns and safety that diminish the impacts For overcoming with the effects of the mobile computing, it was found that making the common population mindful about the upsides and downsides of exercises that would successfully make them utilize advancements cleverly. According to Chen (2011, pp: 778), the clients of the mobile computing should be affected to utilize the advancements in a proper way and must be taught against the fake too. It was found that with an expansion in the mindfulness about the hazard figures the general population would utilize the gadgets and systems with more mindfulness and secured way. It is seen that individuals with the mobile computing gadgets are allowed to move anyplace, at whatever time and could play out their errand as required. It is particularly vital that the general population making utilization of this innovation must be acquainted with every last imperative and could deal with little exercises on their levels as it were. It has additionally been found that individuals ailing in the lea rning about the security perspectives could get influenced with the issues like loss of imperative data, access by any obscure individual, abuse of the information, and so on (Laurila.et.la, 2012). An individual must be sufficiently competent to store its critical information securely like by utilizing the cloud office so that doesnt confront any misfortunes, and so on. Data analysis They have created the analyses of cross-tab for exploring the important differences utilizing the collected demographics. Primary Data These are the ones that gathered data by a scientist particularly for the exploration of the task. As such, essential information will be data that an organization must accumulate on the grounds that nobody has ordered and distributed the data in a discussion available to the general population. Organizations for the most part take the time and apportion the assets required to accumulate essential information just when a question, issue or issue presents itself that is adequately essential or one of a kind that it warrants the consumption important to assemble the essential information. Here, the focus is mainly on the important factors to broader market of the mobile computing below is the diagram: The small companies tend for having various priorities than bigger counterparts. This has assigned the higher priority to the mobile banking, access the social media and collaboration. Secondary Data These are the ones that gathered information by a gathering not identified with the exploration think about but rather gathered this information for some other reason and at various time previously. On the off chance, scientist utilizes this data then these ends up noticeably auxiliary data for the present customers. These might be reachable in composed, written or in an electronic structures. A collection of voluntary data sources is reachable to the scientist gathering information on an industry, potential item applications and the commercial center. Optional information is additionally used to increase starting knowledge into the exploration issue. Auxiliary information is differentiating as far as the source either inside or outside. Inward, or in-house information, is optional data gained inside the association where research is being completed. The devices will remain the priority of the smart-phones. Variable definition The variable of dependent is metric that is measured by experimenter. This way, relationship effect and cause would investigate among the variables that are independent and dependent. Causality can be induced from the co-variation of the free and ward factors, transient priority of the cause as the control of the variables that are independent and the end of frustrating elements however control and inner legitimacy tests. Field studies are led in a genuine setting, empowering evaluators to decide how clients would utilize an innovation outside of thed controlled setting. These reviews regularly uncovered issues that would not be found in the controlled setting. The assessment additionally uncovered issues identifying with how the designers had executed the distinctive adventure sorts, i.e. to and from the air terminal. When setting out to the air terminal clients are required to swipe their Visa toward the start and end of each voyage, while when coming back from the airplane terminal the client just needs to swipe their card when departing the air terminal. One client discovered this out after he had swiped his card to end a trip from the airplane terminal, however was rather charged for a moment ticket to the air terminal. Conclusion As per the report, it has found that with expansion in the reception of smart mobile gadgets such as smart phones, tables, and so forth had altogether changed the methods for living and completing the everyday exercises. It has likewise found that the mobile computing is for the most part used for showing the utilization of computing gadgets which by and large collaborates with a data framework while an individual is out of the settled working environment. Computing has developed quickly from being kept to the area of the solitary. With the help of the mobile computing, individuals work from any of the solace area they wish to the length of the association and the concerns for the security are calculated appropriately. In the similar light, nearness of the rapid connections has, in addition, advanced the consumption of the mobile computing. Being an always innovation by developing and rising the data, mobile computing will keep a center administration in the computing, and the Inform ation and Communications Technology. The report had additionally uncovered that the gadgets used for mobile computing had helped the clients for receiving into contact with virtual world anyplace, at whatever time as they need which had diminished the chances of speaking with the people and subsequently had restricted the convention methods for conveying and investigating the external world. Be that as it may, the mobile computing had a huge commitment in the change in the general public on the loose. References Bryman, A., (2015),Social research methods, Oxford university press Chen, Y. and Kamara, J.M., (2011), A framework for using mobile computing forinformation managementon construction sites,Automation in Construction,20(7), pp.776-788 Fernando, N., Loke, S.W. and Rahayu, W., (2013), Mobile cloud computing: A survey.Future Generation Computer Systems,29(1), pp.84-106 Gikas, J. and Grant, M.M., (2013), Mobile computing devices in higher education: Student perspectives on learning with cell-phones, smart-phones social media.The Internet and Higher Education,19, pp.18-26

Thursday, November 28, 2019

The Joy Luck Club Cutural Differences Between Daughters And Mothers E

The Joy Luck Club: Cutural Differences Between Daughters And Mothers There are numerous conditions in human life that mold people into who they presently are. A person's identity and way of thinking are influenced greatly due to their family's surroundings, and relationships they are involved in. In the novel, The Joy Luck Club, the characters are generic, in the sense that, although they are from different families, the problems and emotions experienced are similar. The daughters are in an on-going search to discover themselves, who they are and what they represent. With their precious mother-daughter bonds, four immigrants are bewildered at American culture as they struggle to instill in their daughters remnants of their Chinese heritage. Throughout the course of the novel, the mystery of the mother-daughter relationship is revealed to the reader by various means. First, such a strong connection can only be the product of an essential, timeless, emotion called love: She loved you very much, more than her own life (Tan 29). Unfortunately, in Chinese culture, mothers rarely say I love you and find little to no time at all to provide for their daughter's emotional needs. Such attitudes occasionally lead the children to sense that My mother did not treat me this way because she didn't love me. She just had a hard time showing her love for me (Tan 45). As well, the link is also nourished in other ways, such as the swift protection of a mother's young: She grabbed my hand back so fast that I knew at that instant how sorry she was that she had not protected me better (Tan 111). There are other ways in which the mystery of the mother-daughter relationship is uncovered. Because of a mother's enduring love, they often put up high expectations that are often hard to meet. As well, in the case of Waverly and June, a mother's love is expressed in the novel by proudly showing off: From the time we were babies, our mothers compared the creases in our belly buttons, how shapely our earlobes were, how fast we healed when we scraped our knees... (Tan 64). In any case, every small act or gesture done out of deep love for one another, strengthens the bond, that is enkindled at birth. They are frightened. In me, they see their own daughters, just as ignorant, just as unmindful of all the truths and hopes they have brought to America. They see daughters who grow up impatient when their mothers talk in Chinese, who think they are stupid when they explain things in fractured English. They see daughters who will bear grandchildren born without any connecting hope passed from generation to generation. (Tan 31) Culture greatly influences the youth of today as American circumstances considerably influenced the daughters of the novel. In some instances, the Western culture dominates as the mothers strive on, in its shadow: ...and because I remained quiet for so long now my daughter does not hear me. She sits by her fancy swimming pool and hears her Sony Walkman, her cordless phone... (Tan 64). Ying-Ying ponders upon the fact that, She follows my Chinese ways until she learned how to walk out the door by herself and go to school (Tan 289). Because of heavy resentment on the mother's part, in some instances, the American culture is frowned upon and is stereotyped as having morbid thoughts (Tan 105). Many problems, especially embarrassment, surface when the younger generation attempts to become absorbed into a new culture, while the parents insist on clinging to their old ways. The daughters experience troubles while trying to cope with their immigrant parents. There is an obvious language barrier that may result in feelings, such as that of Jing-mei: These kinds of explanations made me feel my mother and I spoke two different languages, which we did. I talked to her in English, she answered back in Chinese (Tan 23). Often, the daughters feel ashamed. The people who embarrass them and whom they resent are their parents: I wish you wouldn't do that, telling everybody I'm your daughter (Tan 101). The young ladies later realize that it is childish to think that way, and they focus on the future, rather then on past mistakes. The children feel that their mothers nag constantly when

Monday, November 25, 2019

How to Parlay Your Consumer Magazine Experience into Trade Magazine Success

How to Parlay Your Consumer Magazine Experience into Trade Magazine Success I often find, at parties and at networking events, that even fellow journalists are rarely intrigued The truth, however, is that some of the best work I’ve done is for trade publications. Some of the coolest reporting stories I have to share have been made possible because these publications had the funds to send me to strange places to cover even stranger topics. The topics and the trade publications may not seem sexy, but the fatter paycheck, the friendly editors, and the challenge of discovering new and exciting fields certainly make them worth the effort of querying. If you haven’t had much luck with trade magazines so far, here are five quick ways you can parlay your consumer magazine or newspaper experience for the trades: 1. Take a consumer magazine or newspaper article you’ve written and identify the major trades in that story. For instance, I once wrote a piece for a national women’s magazine about women-only trains in India. I didn’t ever think it could be a trade story, so I was really surprised when an editor at â€Å"Trains† magazine paid me to reprint the story. If you look closely, you’ll find at least one major identifiable trade in every story that you write. Find a magazine that caters to that trade. Pitch it. 2. Most trade magazines are not dull, dry, and dreary, like the writing gurus would have you believe. Many of them feature articles that are written with just as much craft and care as those in consumer publications. I have won an award for a story I wrote for a trade that resonated with the judges because of its human aspect. Look through national and regional magazines and find ideas that could potentially work for trade magazines.   I often find new and breaking stories in the New York Times or the Wall Street Journal that other freelancers haven’t thought to pitch to trade magazine editors. 3. Tie your ideas to current events. When the Commonwealth Games came to Delhi in 2010, most freelancers I knew were (unsuccessfully) pitching to major newspapers and magazines. I, instead offered stories to a construction magazine and an engineering news magazine and earned several thousand dollars and a cover story. 4. When you travel, don’t forget to target these magazines. The trades have several US-based writers they can hire regularly but their networks are limited abroad. If you’re traveling out of the country, e-mail some of the trade magazine editors (even if you don’t know them) and offer to bring back something. The best-case scenario is that editors might just hand you assignments of their own even before you’ve left and the worst case is that you may come back with some fascinating ideas and an already established relationship with an editor. 5. Everything is a trade. Think about the truth of that statement for a minute. No matter what you’re writing about, you can find a trade magazine angle to it. And once you start noticing that potential, you’ll never run out of markets for your work.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Quality Improvement Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Quality Improvement Plan - Essay Example Reports about quality of U.S healthcare system highlight the quality to be beneath the level of expectations (Ramsom et al, 2008). Goals The Organization Has To Meet The motive of Quality Improvement Plan (QIP) is to commend support to health care associations in their attempts accomplish improvement in the health care facilities. Ontario Government in June 2010, approved the Excellent Care of All Act (ECFAA), a legislation to promote a civilization of relentless eminence development emphasizing the requirements of patients as the priority. Under such act, emphasis is laid for- a) commitment to provide elevated quality of health facilities; b) generating a constructive patient know-how to be familiar with the procedure; c) making certain that the procedure is approachable and answerable to the community and meet the expectations of the people; d) grasping its managerial group responsible for its attainment; e) identify the importance of clarity to pursue the procedure (Our Performanc e- Quality Improvement Plan). Departments, Programs & Activities To attain the projected health quality, active participation of clinicians is vital prerequisite for the quality improvement. Health professionals possess varied hierarchies and networks with least communication concerning quality of care. Clinicians with clear understanding about the quality of health care facilities as well as try to improve what is lacking are likely to be the winners. In health care sector, patient is the customer and seeks best health care and concern. Growing awareness for health care in the community also enhances the expectations of the people for high quality health care facilities. It is highly significant to design QIP keeping four constraints in consideration encompassing- safety, efficacy, accessibility and the patient focused plan. Quality Improvement Plans gyrates around these four principles as patient focuses plants is the main highlight of QIP. For the successful implementation of the QIP, it is essential for the health care providers to recognize the working of the plan. An appropriate understanding aids in enhancing the quality of patient's care and concern. QIP is a collective effort and involves contribution of all the staff members for its success encompassing effective implementation of the appropriate processes. Responsible individuals are required to take ownership of the developed QIP processes. The process is analyzed by means of focus on data and identification of problem(s) as well as by measuring performance. The amendments made in the QIP must be tested and the data procured must be analyzed to ensure that the basis of improvement is changes, progress in quality improvement involves the procedure and success attained encompass two parameters what is done and how it is being done (Quality Improvement Plan Guidance Document). The legislation necessitates that all health care associations must set up a quality board to keep an account on excellence as sociated matters; build up an annual QIP and make it available to the community, connect administrative payment to the attainment of objectives embarked in the excellence enhancement grounding, perform employee's assessments, build up a patient pronouncement of standards ensuing community consultation to deal with and enhance the patient's understanding. Thus, the annual QIP should encompass yearly performance enhancement objectives together with the justification

Wednesday, November 20, 2019

Career Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Career Theory - Essay Example The individual brings into the environment specific abilities and as such, certain needs that are necessary for him or her to be successful in that a given setup. This theory provides the counselor with the information necessary to assist an individual in making changes that lead to correspondence between him or her and the prevailing situation, depending on whether the individual has the ability to change a situation as well as his or her perception of the situation. This theory strives to answer the question as to whether individuals perform better an environment which befits their values and as to whether they are faced with problems and challenges if the environment they live in does not conform to their felt needs. This conformity of environment and the person concept is what is known as person environment fit. For instance, if the school environment is achieve-ment oriented, and then students will most likely, value achievement, thus achieving a high person environment fit. Con sequently students in a university may change subjects in order to make the person environment fit more favorable hence increasing the person environment fit. In cases of correspondence between individuals and environment there is no big demand for person change. This theory is usually concerned with personal characteristics such as traits, and skills which some times are referred to Vocational Personality. As people are uniquely different, no particular approach is good for all as it may not suit someone else; therefore a blend of various techniques is more ideal. Instances where by a school may apply Person/environment/Correspondence Counselling.This theory can be applied whereby students exhibit any or one of the following characteristics; Indecisiveness in career path, sudden change of behavior, excessive drinking, difficulty in learning and in cases of drug abuse and also when handling disadvantaged students.Counselling aims at basically connects students to resources so that they can become more aware of themselves and the opportunities out there whether jobs or occupations as well as making them into better decision-makers in terms of choosing future careers which matches their interests, core values, and abilities. Non Directive counseling .This technique can be used by a number of professionals including teachers on behavior change. This technique, associated with Carl Rogers, and allows individuals in emotional problems to speak about the problems and resolve difficulties with a minimum of direction being provided by the counselor. This technique assumes that everyone is motivated enough to change into a better person. School counselors can apply this technique according to certain guidelines while the student explores and analyzes the problem and devises a personal solution. This technique encourages the student to feel comfortable in the expression of feelings and thus facilitates positive change but it is also limited in that it is time consuming and often slows to bear positive results. According to Rogers this technique helps others to resolve internal conflicts and feelings hence reducing undesired behavior. This technique is useful with individuals who are cooperative but it becomes less effective if individuals are uncooperative and unwilling to change. For this approach to work well there is a need t for privacy and use of non punitive persuasive methods as well as

Monday, November 18, 2019

Current Event Summary Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Current Event Summary - Article Example The dollar gains are present even when there is a decline in stocks of the United States. There has been a decade of low interest rates and easy money but the dollar has remained strong bringing back memories of the 1990s under President Clinton (Thomas 2). During that time, the United Nations had good health systems and the currency favored travelling amongst the Americans and investors. However, with the current economy currency moves can be fleeting and deceptive. A push by the investors is favorable since it is a highlight of good performance. As long as the U.S is in constant growth and the rest of the world stays stagnant the dollar will remain strong. Having a strong dollar is not always a plus since it can hurt exports and stall economic growth. The success of economies can be puzzling. In the market economy, no one looks out for economic well being of the society as a whole. Market economies try to promote the overall economic well-being not just the currency (Mankiw 7). The economic problems of the United States have not disappeared since unemployment is still very high and the levels of debt have gone high as well. The government has done very little to put an end to the growth of government spending. Governments sometimes can be involved in improving the market outcomes. The invisible hand only works if the government enforces rules that are the key to the market economy (Mankiw 10). Therefore, the United States government can have a role to play in the nation’s economy. Recently, the dollar has gained so much strength over the euro as stated by the European’s central bank president. Most of the European economists say that a weak euro jump-starts exports thus can spur growth in Europe’s economy. Traders have added on their bets that the euro will continue to fall relating to problems such as anemic growth. Data shows that the short positions on the euro are very popular currency trades (Thomas 2). Most traders believe that the

Friday, November 15, 2019

Water Scarcity in Saudi Arabia

Water Scarcity in Saudi Arabia Students Name: Ella Abstract Nowdays, water supply and sanitation in Saudi Arabia is characterized by challenges and achievements. One of the main challenges is water scarcity. The assessment will talk about the process of the research and the reasons for why the information is appropriate for this academic report. After having some specific data for the water usage in Saudi Arabia, we will describe a potential solution to one of these issues. The hypothesis for this paper is the Saudi Arabia can solve the water scracity this issue so that people who live there do not worry about the water anymore. Introduction In this scientific assessment was write about several water scarcity issue, the water pollution and the way to finish off the problem in Suadi Arabia. Now day has many countries have the issue about the water scrcity and water pollution. For the Middle Easts largest country, the water scarcity and water use increased dramatically, becoming a growing problem in Saudi Arabia. At present the fresh water it is extremely important for many countries and it is a narrow non-renewable, generalized renewable resources. People can not live without the water, also all the food we eat is all have the water element. The water chemistry will influence water scarcity is because the water have solubility and transmissibility. This the reason why the polluted water from the factory can pollution the the fresh water. And also some harmful substances will dissolve into the water that make water scarcity. In my hypothesis the Saudi Arabi can solution water scracity this issue. Methodology The first plan for achieving research purpose is to write donw the information about the water pollution and water scracity in Saudi Arabia that will guide we to research. Second write some qusetion that can solution the water scarcity in Saudi Arabia. After this two steps to research the information for water pollution and water scarcity in Saudi Arabia on the Internet. The detail data for the total precipitation and the consumption of water for the people live in this country. Then research the document of the government solution for the water problem. Last is some key fresh water issues in the Saudi Arabia. Afterwards will write about the reason for why chosen this information and why this document is good quality for use in the academic report. All the information is useful for the asseaament this is one of the primary reasons. Generally the most reliable sources are all come from the Web site addresses that at end is .gov means the goverment agency and education organisation the meaning of the end is .edu. Also can use some document is write from some university professors. Findings Saudi Arabia is a true Kingdom of oil, oil reserves and production ranked first in the world, making it be one of the richest countries in the world. Saudi Arabia is the worlds largest producer of desalination, the desalination of sea water around 21% per cent of the world total. But the Saudi Arabia still have the water problem, there are two most serious issues. First one is the lack of water resources problems, although now Saudi Arabia is the largest brackish water production country in the world, but when they have not established water desalting plant, water is not enough people there to use. And in Saudi Arabia due to lack of water resources utilization provided, thus giving rise to utilization of water resources waste and low efficiency of water use is becoming more and more serious. For this two issues I think the beat way to chang the situation first is to make a regulations of the water use, reduce the population and use of the wealth of oil and energy for seawater desalin ation. Chart: Changes in water demand and water supply in Saudi Arabia Event 1980(mcm/yr) (%) 1985(mcm/yr) (%) Water demand agricultural water 1860 79 7430 84 City life and other 500 21 1400 16 Total 2362 100 8830 100 Water supply Surface water 485 20 900 10 Renewable water 660 28 950 11 non-renewable water 1154 49 6480 73 sea water desalination, 63 3 400 5 wastewater of re10claimed water 100 1 Total 2362 100 8830 100 à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ mcm=millton core metersà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ ° Discussion The chart write about the changes in water demand and the water supply in Saudi Arabia from 1980 to 1985. This information is from an article, I put the text to the data and draw the graph. In this chart we can know that Saudi Arabias significant growth in demand for water in recent years. As the chart above shows, from 1980 to 1985, the increased water demand from 2362 to 8830, water demand has increased by 274% in the equivalent of 5 years, however, an average annual growth of 55%. These accurate data showing population impact on the utilization of water resources, also can to prove my hypothesis is correct, that the help the water resources be not in the absence have one of the methods is changing population Conclusions and Recommendations In conclusions I think the best way to tackle lack of water resources in Saudi Arabia this is to require a water use regulations. From the above data, we can see that peoples demand for water resources in Saudi Arabia year after year of growth and it was really fast, so I think the Saudi Government should require people to rational use of water resources. Everyone knows that Saudi Arabia is the worlds richest countries, if their rational use of water resources and rational use of groundwater, then maybe they dont have to worry about lack of water resources this issues in the future. Reference List Allan Foster, (Dec 9, 2010), Coping with Scarcity: Saudi Arabia and Water, Stimson Spotlight. [Online]. Available from: http://www.stimson.org/content/coping-scarcity-saudi-arabia-and-water [Accessed 24 December 2016] (14 March 2013),Saudi Arabias water problems stink, FAILAKA. [Online]. Available from: http://failaka.com/saudi-arabias-water-problem/ [Accessed 24 December 2016] Saud A. Gutub, Mohamed F. Soliman and Asif uz zaman, (2013), Saudi Arabia Confronts with Water Scarcity: An Insight, PSIPW. [Online]. Available from: http://www.psipw.org/attachments/article/342/IJWRAE_2(4)218-225.pdf [Accessed 24 December 2016] (July 2, 2013), Saudi Arabia: The Desalination Nation, ASHARQ AL-AWSAT. [Online]. Available from: http://english.aawsat.com/ [Accessed 24 December 2016]

Wednesday, November 13, 2019

Whole Language versus Phonics Essay -- Education Language Communicatio

Whole Language versus Phonics Whole Language versus Phonics has been a question among many top educational groups for years. Which is the best way to teach kindergarten children the proper way to speak and learn the English Language? There are many valid reasons why experts argue for both phonics and/or whole language. Both seem to be exceptional ways to master the English Language. The purpose of this research paper is to compare phonics versus whole language and to determine how technology can support each approach. The history of the use of phonics dates back to the 1700’s. Backs then, children were taught to read through their memorization of the twenty-six-letter alphabet. Since many books hadn’t been written, their primary textbook was the Bible. Although there is no accounts for when whole language originated some believe that it was around the same time as phonics. The whole language reading method was widespread for thirty years, from around 1940 to 1970. From around 1970 to 1990, phonics was popular. Whole Language gained the most recent foothold around 1990. (Stahl 1996) Several times they have gone back and forth. The debate over whole language and phonics has gone on for years. Which way is best in teaching children how to read? The education world has been debating this issue for years and there still are no exact answers. In more recent year’s instruction specialist have argued that some sort of middle ground should be reached because it would give children the benefits of both. (Cromwell 1997) Some form of middle ground needs to be obtained if children’s needs are going to be met. What is whole language? It is the process of learning a language through whole word teaching. Combining reading, writing and s... ...1997). Phonics vs. whole language: Which is better? Retrieved May 2, 2004, http://www.superkids.com/aweb/pages/features/reading/phonics.shtml IRA. (December 2001) Integrating Literacy and Technology in the Curriculum. Retrieved May 3, 2004, http://www.reading.org/positions/technology.html Stahl, S. (1996) History of reading. Microsoft Encarta 96 Encyclopedia. (CD- ROM). Washington: Microsoft Corporation. Ghate, O. (November 20, 2003). Modern "Educators" vs. Reading. Capitalism Magazine, Page Unknown, Retrieved May 3, 2004. http://capmag.com/article.asp?ID=3337 Sanchez, R. (March 19, 1998). A mixed approach to reading. Washington Post, Page A02, Retrieved February 26, 2004. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&contentId=A99123-1998Mar19Â ¬Found=true Young, Laura (2004). Interview at Alpine Elementary, Pearblossom, California.

Monday, November 11, 2019

Ateneo Personal Essay Essay

Eleanor Hibbert once wrote â€Å" if it’s good, it’s wonderful. If it’s bad, it’s experience .† We must bear in mind that all our experiences in life, our accomplishments and mistakes, every single person we have encountered, and every medal and scar we have are the reasons why we are who we are today. Every experience, no matter how trivial or immense, is significant. For what I am now, I owe to these experiences. As early as the fifth grade, I have already developed my passion for service. I wanted to join our school’s student government very much, that’s why I started running as a class representative, a P.I.O., a secretary, and lastly as a vice-president. I obtained these positions not because I was popular but because of my willingness to serve. I am privileged to have served the school body for almost six years. This has taught me to do my duties and tasks well, to care for the welfare of others, and it taught me to be able to lead towards the greater good. Having been entrusted with responsibilities was one of the experiences that helped to define me as a person. Through the years, I discovered and enhanced my talents. I had the passion towards art, where they say I inherited from my father, who is very artistic. Doodling on every empty spot on whatever paper I could get on my hands. Sketching and Painting was my favorite. I cherished every moment of our art class, because it’s good to have a time for creativity. I discovered that I could play the piano, I was able to express myself in the music that I make and it was the outlet of my feelings. When I entered high school, I expected everything to be fun and carefree, but I was wrong. This was the time for me to work even harder in order to achieve what I want, because everyone else is trying their best. It really is hard to be an achiever when you are surrounded with many other achievers. I struggled with heavy work load, but through this, I developed the attitude to keep on trying and doing my best. High school for me was also a stage of self-discovery. It awoke me to excel academically, mature emotionally, and discover my identity as part of my family. But faith and having a healthy relationship with God was the strongest factor in defining myself. Trusting Him makes me confident with the problems I may face. And I will never get tired of worshipping Him. I have had the ups and downs in my life, and God was there to guide me and protect me. His plan has given me the best perspective. Life has not really been all that bad since it has also blessed me with moments of pure joy and happiness. Life taught me to hold on and to believe in something even though the odds are against me. Everyday had been the time of my life. This essay made me look back to those 14 years. I admit that I had a hard time defining myself as a person but I have once again put all my effort and did my best. Through this essay, I realized my purpose in this life. I now know my place in this world— to do my best in whatever role I play — as a friend, as a student, as a daughter and in all things, as a Christian. I was truthful and candid and I hope I made myself known. This is who I am. This is Stephanie Joy Cea, an aspiring Atenista.

Friday, November 8, 2019

Jane Eyre - Analysis of Nature essays

Jane Eyre - Analysis of Nature essays Charlotte Bronte makes use of nature imagery throughout "Jane Eyre," and comments on both the human relationship with the outdoors and human nature. The Oxford Reference Dictionary defines "nature" as "1. the phenomena of the physical world as a whole . . . 2. a thing's essential qualities; a person's or animal's innate character . . . 4. vital force, functions, or needs." We will see how "Jane Eyre" Several natural themes run through the novel, one of which is the image of a stormy sea. After Jane saves Rochester's life, she gives us the following metaphor of their relationship: "Till morning dawned I was tossed on a buoyant but unquiet sea . . . I thought sometimes I saw beyond its wild waters a shore . . . now and then a freshening gale, wakened by hope, bore my spirit triumphantly towards the bourne: but . . . a counteracting breeze blew off land, and continually drove me back." The gale is all the forces that prevent Jane's union with Rochester. Later, Bront, whether it be intentional or not, conjures up the image of a buoyant sea when Rochester says of Jane: "Your habitual expression in those days, Jane, was . . . not buoyant." In fact, it is this buoyancy of Jane's relationship with Rochester that keeps Jane afloat at her time of crisis in the heath: "Why do I struggle to retain a valueless life? Because I know, or Another recurrent image is Bront's treatment of Birds. We first witness Jane's fascination when she reads Bewick's History of British Birds as a child. She reads of "death-white realms" and "'the solitary rocks and promontories'" of sea-fowl. We quickly see how Jane identifies with the bird. For her it is a form of escape, the idea of flying above the toils of every day life. Several times the narrator talks of feeding birds crumbs. Perhaps Bront is telling us that this idea of escape is no more than a fantasy-one ca...

Wednesday, November 6, 2019

The picture presented above is a movie poster promoting the box office hit The Mummy Essays

The picture presented above is a movie poster promoting the box office hit The Mummy Essays The picture presented above is a movie poster promoting the box office hit The Mummy Essay The picture presented above is a movie poster promoting the box office hit The Mummy Essay The colour scheme used in this poster is gold and black which is keeping it simple and basic which is unusual seen as it is promoting a big movie title. Another unusual point about the poster is the two colours. Gold and black are not usually seen together as gold is a bright and beautiful and reminds us of the rich, lavish treasures in which the pyramids held. Black reminds us of darkness, evil, danger and secrets, which the pyramids were also supposed to have held. The key images in the poster is the face and the pyramids, these are in correlation which each other because we get the image that the face has a tremendous amount of power and energy because the pyramids are huge magnificent objects that have change the scenery of Egypt and the face compared to the pyramids is gigantic and makes the pyramids look insignificant. Also the mouth is open wide in a sort of inviting way. The lettering used in the lower half of the poster is just as significant as the colouring. The font used in the lettering is made out to be a type of old English typewriter style and the gold colouring is also made out to be the wealth and richness of the pyramids. The letters M M M Y contain smaller distorted pyramids. The M in the centre at the bottom of the poster is a sort of opening for the face and that theres a lot of energy and power behind it. It also makes you curious to see what there is in the blackness of the poster because the only true fear that people have is the unknown. The sentence at the bottom gives the image that there is a tremendous amount of evil and power for something to do what it states. The sands will rise. The heavens will part. The power will be unleashed. Three short sentences make it stick in your head and the last word unleashed make it sound as if it is an uncontrollable force because unleashed is only used with in correspondence to something powerful.

Monday, November 4, 2019

Economic Consequences of Credit Market Failure in Uganda Assignment

Economic Consequences of Credit Market Failure in Uganda - Assignment Example Its influence is becoming increasingly pervasive through a constant series of federal court decisions as well as steady enlargement in the size and scope of administering agencies. "The failure of formal credit institutions to serve the poor is due to a combination of high risks, high costs and consequently low returns associated with such business." (Orkut et al. 2004:5) Despite the pressure from the International agencies and Governments of the developed nations it will neither fruitful for the economy of the developing countries nor for the consumers of these countries to implement terms and conditions of lending and borrowing as applied in the developed countries. Factors contributing to this argument are many and varied, which include: Difference in economic conditions. Difference in technology and skills. Dependence economies of both the countries on Labour intensive industries. Loss of competitive advantage in international trade. The economy of Uganda is considered as one of the fastest growing economy in the African countries. The growth in the Gross domestic Product of Uganda has reached to 6.9%per year from 2.9% in the era of 1980s according to World Bank. (World Bank 2004:183) As a consequence of this growth,Appleton (2001:4)has estimated,based on household surveys,that the poverty headcount (defined relative to a poverty line close to the widely used dollar a day)has declined substantially:From 56%in 1992 to 34%in 1999/2000 - mainly because mean consumption per adult equivalent rose by 4.7%%per annum over this period (its distribution worsened slightly).Wider measures of poverty (the poverty gap ratio P1 and the poverty severity ratio P2)declined even more tha n the poverty headcount ratio (P0),thus indicating that the...This responsibility is being increasingly codified in law and various governmental orders. Its influence is becoming increasingly pervasive through a constant series of federal court decisions as well as steady enlargement in the size and scope of administering agencies. Despite the pressure from the International agencies and Governments of the developed nations it will neither fruitful for the economy of the developing countries nor for the consumers of these countries to implement terms and conditions of lending and borrowing as applied in the developed countries. The economy of Uganda is considered as one of the fastest growing economy in the African countries. The growth in the Gross domestic Product of Uganda has reached to 6.9%per year from 2.9% in the era of 1980s according to World Bank. (World Bank 2004:183) a. Competitive advantage: For the labour intensive economies like Uganda the competitive advantage heavily relies on the low cost of labour. In the countries like Uganda where most of the population of the country is leading their life below the poverty line it sometimes become inevitable for the consumers to make their child work so that they can get the basic necessities of life i.e. food, shelter and clothing.

Friday, November 1, 2019

ArcelorMittal's use of internet and its website Essay

ArcelorMittal's use of internet and its website - Essay Example User Friendliness of the Website ArcelorMittal is one of the world’s leading companies in the steel and mining. They are into all major steel markets like automobile, construction, packing and household appliances. Before discussing about the user friendliness of the website the factors affecting the basics of the website should be understood well. Access The website has to be easily accessible to the public. Once a service is found, it should be visible immediately when called and in minimum response time. At the same time while designing a website, the problem of disabled people should be taken into account. There is the law relating to the design of websites for people with disability. The website of ArcelorMittal is easily accessible to the customers, with very less response time. But the website may not be user-friendly for the people with disability. Quality Content The content of the website should be presented in an easily understandable language with clarity, trustwor thiness and correctness. The content should be quickly retrieved to answer the queries of common people. The website should contain details about their service, responsibilities, communication and transitional facilities. The website of Arcelor Mittal has all the above mentioned basic requirements. Along with this it also contains data which are really helpful to the investors. IT Security In this era where cyber crime is an area of concern, therefore website security takes an important place. Though no one can guarantee 100% security but the website security has to be reviewed and enhanced from time to time. In connection to this loss and unauthorized use or alteration should also be taken into consideration. In the website of Arcelor Mittal though they have not given any commitment of 100% security but they do try to keep their websites away from cyber threats. Responsibility for content The issue regarding responsibility for content and youth safety should be address by the compa ny while designing their websites. Arcelor Mittal’s website is perfect from that respect too (Quality Criteria for a Public-User-Friendly and Secure Website, n. d., pp. 10-12). Thus it can be concluded that the website of Arcelor Mittal is quite user friendly and contains a lots of information. It not only provides information related to their business and investors but also information related to their commitment towards the society. The language used in the website is very simple and easily understandable. Meeting With the Requirement of The Customer The customer and the investors are always interested towards the performance and the growth of the company. The website of ArcelorMittal has sections that provide information related to what they do, their corporate responsibilities, information related to people interested to join ArcelorMittal for growing career and information related to the investor (Homepage of ArcelorMittal, n. d.). The investor section provides a lot of information regarding their financial condition for past few years as well as present. The investor’s toolkit present in the website of the company can help the investor to decide their investment strategy. The supplier segment can also be of great interest to the customers. In the segment â€Å"What we do† (What we do, n.d.) the website traces on their main activities and sub activities. They highlight on their research and development, commenting on how their research work can be helpful to

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Buyer behaviour and market research 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Buyer behaviour and market research 2 - Essay Example ive of the management and stakeholders to ensure there is a clear channel of communication and distribution of resources among all departments to avoid blame shifting thus enhance quick supervision. Societies expect companies to adhere to forces of mindset in order to build confidence within customers’ fraternity thus make stock turn over efficient and effective. Therefore, business prosperity largely relies on buyer behavior and market research. Business environment is paramount for successful fat-tracking of customer satisfaction and feed-back. Creation of stable working conditions and tranquil mindsets enable personnel produce quality products. Good environment can be observed through engaging dialogue and mutual organization of activities for instance, calling customers who complain. Behavioral and psychological mindsets among customers influence management decision making. Decisions should accommodate views and opinions of all employees and buyers irrespective of social, economic, and political affiliation. Good relations are aimed at reducing acrimony in work place that may cause inefficiency in production of goods and services. Customer satisfaction factors for instance, assessing competitor, market survey, product specification, expectation, and admitting to failure help firms understand customers with ease. Conversely, microeconomic variables for example, stakeholder decisions, decision making, change of production techniques, and pricing of goods and services adversely lead to increase or decrease of customer walk-ins. Segmentation is a strategy that is set to divide consumers into groups within a target market. Alternative products greatly influence the nature of marketing to undertake because it provides customers with a better option when company’s goods and services are not appealing. Similarly alternatives create a boundary of differentiation between each company’s goods and services. This helps in guiding potential and new customers to the

Monday, October 28, 2019

Terrorism and Technology Essay Example for Free

Terrorism and Technology Essay India and the United States, the world’s two largest democracies, are both vulnerable to terrorist attacks. As an Indian participant in the workshop said, â€Å"The most vulnerable states are those with open societies that tolerate dissent.† So far, India and the United States have faced rather different forms of terror attacks. Notwithstanding the terrorist threat, modern industrial societies have some offsetting advantages. Their global intelligence services and military presence, especially when they cooperate with one another, may keep the terror networks off balance, and may be able to damage some of them and interfere with their communications and money flows. Military action, or the threat of it, may discourage rogue states from supporting the terrorists. Nevertheless, highly efficient economies also acquire vulnerabilities and reduced resilience from the private sector’s reluctance to sacrifice efficiency to reduce catastrophic risks whose likelihood is difficult to estimated One area in which both India and the United States enjoy impressive capability is research and innovation. Through the application of available or new technologies, states can make targets less vulnerable, thus less attractive. They can limit the damage that may result from an attack, increase the speed of recovery, and provide forensic tools to identify the perpetrators. However, terrorist networks are led by well-educated and well-financed people who may also enjoy advanced technical skills. If supported by a government whose military establishment has developed weapons of mass destruction, these skills may be greatly amplified. Any technical strategy for responding to the threat of catastrophic terrorism must address this fact. †¢fissile nuclear materials, tactical nuclear weapons, and radiological materials †¢pathological organisms (human, plant, and animal) †¢military-type toxic chemical weapons †¢inflammable, toxic, and explosive chemicals and materials in industrial use †¢cyberattacks and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) attacks on electronic targets (telecoms, data, or command and control centers) †¢transportation systems used as delivery systems for weapons †¢explosives, either conventional or derived from fuel oil and nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium nitrate), for example Benefits- †¢revitalization of the public health service for serving the normal health needs of communities †¢technical capability to respond even faster and more effectively to natural biological threats such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, and monkey pox virus †¢reduction in the number of illnesses caused by infection or poisoning of the food supply †¢more reliable electric power and other services, especially in the face of hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes †¢further improvements in the safety standards of the chemical industry †¢reduced incidence of cyber attacks by hackers and financial systems made more secure against theft and malicious damage †¢more efficient and timely tracking of goods in transit and billing for their content †¢reduced risk to fire, police, and emergency health professionals MITIGATION: THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Nuclear and Radiological Threats If terrorists with a minimal level of scientific knowledge can acquire enough highly enriched uranium (HEU), they may be able to assemble an inefficient but effective nuclear weapon for detonation in a major city. The countries are now cooperating in safeguarding fissile material and blending down stocks of HEU, but progress is far too slow. Even more dangerous is the possible availability to terrorists of finished nuclear weapons either stolen and sold from nuclear states or provided by rogue states capable of making them. The public must be educated on the nature of radiological threats, both from Radiation Dispersal Devices (dirty bombs) and from damaged nuclear electric power plants and radioactive waste storage. Public ignorance about radiation hazards may induce a level of panic much more destructive than the radiation from which people may be fleeing.. Biological Threats to People and Their Food Supply Research on pathogenesis of infectious agents, and particularly on means for early detection of the presence of such pathogens before their symptomatic appearance, is important. Nations will stockpile vaccines against known diseases, but the threat of genetic modification—while perhaps beyond the capability of most terrorists but not of rogue states—requires a vigorous research effort to find solutions for detection, evaluation, and response.  In the United States the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides a robust capability in epidemiology, but there is no equivalent epidemiological response capability for possible biological attacks on agriculture and farm animals. Thus, measures to protect the food supply, and to provide decontamination after an attack, must have high priority. Toxic Chemicals, Explosives, and Flammable Materials . Dangerous chemicals in transit should be tracked and identified electronically. To ensure that only first responders, and not terrorists, know what the tank cars contain, the rail cars should be equipped with encrypted electronic identification. Sensor networks are required to detect and characterize dangerous materials, particularly when they are airborne. Self-analyzing filter systems for modern office buildings whose windows cannot be opened can not only protect the inhabitants but also detect and report the first presence of materials (such as aerosols) that may be trapped in improved filters. An example of long-range, basic research that could be highly beneficial would be the discovery of olfactory biosensors than can reach dog levels of sensitivity, some 10,000 times that of humans. Communications and Information Systems In the United States the most urgent issue is to reconfigure first responder communications so that police, fire, and medical personnel can communicate with one another and with the emergency operations centers. Inability to do so greatly aggravated loss of life, especially among firefighters, in the World Trade Center attacks. The main worry about cyber attacks is the possibility of their use, perhaps with electromagnetic pulse devices as well, to amplify the destructive effect of a conventional physical or biological attack.13 Cyber security is one of the top priority areas for research investment because private industry was, before September 11, 2001, largely content with the level of computer and network security available to it. A quite inadequate level of sophisticated talent is devoted to the goal of fully secure operating systems and networks. Transportation and Borders Sensor networks for inspection of goods and passengers crossing the nation’s  borders will be a research priority. The primary technical challenge will not be the design of sensors themselves, although much progress is needed in this area, but in the systems engineering of the networks of sensors together with data fusion and decision support software. Biometrics for more secure identification of individuals shows promise, and systems superior to the driver’s licenses and passports used by most travelers are promising. The range of threats to the transportation networks of a modern state is very great, and careful systems analysis is essential to identifying the weak points and finding the most effective and economical means of protecting them. Cities and Fixed Infrastructure The Emergency Operations Centers (EOC) in many large U.S. cities are quite vulnerable, not only to a destructive physical attack but to more indirect attacks on their ability to access data and to communicate through a cyber attack or electromagnetic pulse attack. Remedying these vulnerabilities must have high urgency; in many cases the centers will have to be relocated. Tragically, the EOC in New York City was located in a known target, the World Trade Center. Much research is already under way to analyze the structural characteristics of high-rise buildings that may make them much more vulnerable than necessary. Without waiting for this research to result in revised building codes, the expert panel recommended immediate adoption and extension, where appropriate, of European standards for fire and blast, which were much improved following World War II. As already noted, air intakes for large buildings need to be less accessible and equipped with better air filters, perhaps with chem ical analysis sufficient to determine if a toxic material is present. Instrumentation to allow first responders to detect toxic and hazardous materials; special provisions for protecting harbors, bridges, dams, tunnels, and dikes; and protection against attacks on urban water supplies downstream from the treatment plant are all discussed in Making the Nation Safer. How much of the long term, imaginative research and development envisioned in Making the Nation Safer has been undertaken by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)? Not enough. The Science and Technology Directorate of DHS does not have the scope of authority, nor the length of vision that the Academies’ study urged on Congress. Critics say that it has been difficult for DHS to sustain an  expert staff with low enough turn over to build and execute the needed technical strategies. Nor has the Homeland Security Institute been given the necessary scope of independent system-level review of the DHS technical priorities. SOCIETAL RESPONSES TO TERRORIST THREATS the public can also be an attack amplifier. The government faces a number of dilemmas, such as using a color-coded warning system to alert the public to the perceived likelihood of additional terrorist attacks. Some citizens feel that this system itself may needlessly amplify the threat, thus doing terrorists’ psychological job for them. An urgent issue to be addressed is for government to train and introduce to the public, well in advance of any attack, a number of trusted and knowledgeable people who are prepared to provide accurate and trustworthy information quickly and authoritatively. TECHNICAL STRATEGIES From the great variety of threats studied by the National Academies’ experts, several commonsense conclusions about technical strategy can be extracted: †¢repair the weakest links (single-point failures) in vulnerable systems and infrastructures †¢use defenses-in-depth (do not rely only on perimeter defenses or firewalls) †¢use â€Å"circuit breakers† to isolate and stabilize failing system elements †¢build security and flexibility into basic system designs where possible †¢design systems for use by typical first responders †¢Focus priority attention on the â€Å"system of systems† technical challenge to understand and remedy the inherent weaknesses in critical infrastructure that are inherent in their architecture. †¢Ensure that first responders, including technical teams from critical infrastructure service industries, are properly trained and equipped, and the targets themselves are designed to be more resilient in the face of disaster. †¢Emphasize the importance of flexibility and agility in responding to disasters that were not anticipated in the system design and personnel training. The last point is particularly important. Future attacks are likely to involve multiple complex systems. There are a number of dimensions to the systems engineering challenge of homeland security. The multiple critical industrial infrastructures are closely coupled. Almost all of the responses to terrorist threats require  the concerned action of national agencies, state and local authorities, private companies, and in many cases, friendly nations. The technologies used in counterterrorism will themselves be coupled, complex systems. An evident example is the notion of complex networks of sensors that are coupled to databases, within which the network output is fused with other information, and from which sensible and useable information for local officials in Emergency Operations Centers must be provided. Thus, setting priorities requires modeling and simulating attack and response, and â€Å"red teaming† to test the effectiveness of proposed solutions. Finally, there is a need to build up investments in the social sciences, which will be especially important in devising strategies for countering terrorism. Both the roots of terrorism and its consequences need to be better understood. Social science can also contribute to a sustainable effort, involving multiple levels of government, with minimal economic cost, and where the perceived conflict between security activities and protection of individual freedom can best be informed and adjudicated. A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY FOR HOMELAND SECURITY Because major terrorist attacks against civil populations may be separated by considerable intervals of time, there is reason to be concerned that the public will lose interest in the threat, and that none of the organizational or investment needs will be satisfactorily met. For these reasons, the strategy for maximizing civil benefits deserves high-priority attention. There are many obvious examples of how counter terror research and development can create values appreciated by the public and of economic value to firms, such as creation of a more agile vaccine development and production capability, information and communications networks that are more resistant to cyber attack, energy systems more robust in the face of natural disasters and human error, security technologies that are more effective yet more unobtrusive and convenient for the public. Sustainability will be a challenge for those in political power in the United States, for they find themselves compelled to emphasize the public’s vulnerability (for example, with the color-coded alert system, which is largely successful in making the public nervous) and at the same time to emphasize that the government’s efforts â€Å"have the terrorists on the run.† Indeed, we can easily imagine that  terrorist organizations such as al Qaeda may deliberately wait long intervals between attacks to decrease the alertness of the target’s defenses. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS There are seven major points that I would conclude from this discussion. First, only a far-sighted foreign policy, addressing the roots of terrorism and denying terrorist ideologies a foothold in other societies, can make the United States and its allies safer in the long run. Second, weapons of mass destruction are potentially devastating, but the most probable threats will be fashioned from the economy itself, as was the case on September 11, 2001. Private property and commercial industry is most often the target of terrorist attacks, and may be providing the weapons for their own destruction. Thus, the federal government must devise both positive and negative incentives for private investments in hardening critical infrastructure and urban targets. Third, the protection of critical infrastructure must, to the extent possible, be accomplished through a civilian benefits maximization strategy. Fourth, reducing vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure is a highly complex systems problem; it requires a strategy tested by the most modern systems analytic approaches. Fifth, since most of the science and technology capability of market economy governments lies outside the security agencies, governments must be able to coordinate and fund a national science and technology strategy. Sixth, a degree of cooperation between industry, cities, and government unknown in prior experience is required. In particular, local authorities must have an effective voice in setting the technical agenda for equipment for which they are the customer. Finally, for the protection against terrorism to be sustainable, more than a civilian benefits maximization strategy is required. The negative effects on civil freedoms from increased authority in the central government must be resisted, since the threat of terrorist attack is indefinite and emergency measures may never be relaxed. Now, let us examine security. First, although science and technology will not solve all problems related to terrorism against the components making up a modern regional or national infrastructure, it can help in prevention, mitigation, and restoration if an attack or attacks are attempted or carried out. In other words, science and technology will help to reduce the threat of  terrorism, but it cannot eliminate it. Unfortunately, terrorism has become a fact of life. Whenever there are dissatisfied people who are willing to give up their own lives or do not value human life, it will be difficult to eliminate the threat of terrorist attacks. A specific point where science and technology can help is in the area of intelligence, by providing information about the potential for an act of terrorism to be conducted. For example, what is being done to sort through open-air communications—both e-mail and voice wireless—is rather startling both in quantity and in degree of soph istication. There are programs, such as Trailblazer at the National Security Agency, that look for keywords and matches. Some of the recent terrorism alerts have been based on information gathered through these programs. There is another aspect that inexorably links infrastructure and security. The more sophisticated, complicated, or technologically evolved the infrastructure, that is, the more fragile it is, the more difficult it is to secure against terrorism and the greater theneed for science and technology solutions. The latter was the particular challenge that we were confronted with at the National Academies in producing the report entitled Making the Nation Safer.50 What can and should be done incrementally as society becomes more and more complex, sophisticated, and interdependent? How do you establish layers of protection because of increased vulnerability? First, communication and coordination is required. When the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred, the New York City Resp onse Center was in the World Trade Center. So the ability of the fire and police departments within New York City to respond was hampered severely because there was no way to centralize and coordinate the actions of the first responders. The lesson to be learned is that redundant response centers are needed for just this sort of contingency. The lack of communication was another lesson coming from the World Trade Center disaster. There is a definite need to have common systems that will allow all parties to communicate seamlessly Regarding building structures, another lesson can be drawn from the attack on the Pentagon. The Pentagon was hit exactly at the point between a newly restored portion of the Pentagon and the old Pentagon. While there was damage to the newly restored section, there was no structural failure to that part of the building. The walls absorbed the energy of the crash. In contrast, the old Pentagon suffered severe damage. Its walls collapsed. Most of the loss of life was in the old part of the Pentagon. The lesson here is to incorporate blast-resistant designs and materials into high-profile buildings For cities, one of the areas that is most in need of immediate attention is the ability to respond to catastrophic events. There is a need for simulation models, improved communications, and associated training. There is also a need to conduct systems analyses of responses to events in both space and time. For transportation systems, there is an immediate need for intelligent â€Å"information agents† for cargo. These agents would include a combination of global positioning systems and sensors to detect intruders and, possibly, the presence of certain materials as well as shipping documents detailing the contents. Such agents would be installed on every freight car in a rail system, every container on a ship, and every container transported by truck. Thus, one could monitor at every point in time exactly where each container or rail car is, what it contains, its destination, and whether there has been any attempt to tamper with or enter it. The various pieces of the so-called intelligent agent exist today and have been used on a limited basis. Efforts are under way to marry these various components into the type of agent I have described. Cargo scanning technology is complementary to the intelligent agents. While cargo scanners do exist, there is a need to integrate various components into a â€Å"one-stop shop† to monitor for specific items or radioactivity. The scanning equipment should be located at the point of embarkation of the container to prevent lethal weapons from reaching their intended destination. What good would it be to identify a nuclear weapon in a container as you offload it in New York Harbor?53 Transportation technology needs to extend beyond the cargo. There is a compelling need to develop means of rapidly identifying people, checking them and their luggage. Although there are systems in place today, the sheer numbers of people and locations is daunting. The use of biometrics would greatly alleviate this problem, while increasing the confidence level of the security forces. Rapidly deployable barriers to keep underground structures and tunnels from being flooded are another need.

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Analysis of To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell Essay -- To His Coy

Andrew Marvell’s â€Å"To His Coy Mistress† is in my opinion an excellent poem about a subject matter we can all understand and most of us can relate to: a love just beyond reach. This is the primary reason I believe it is most suited to be in a college textbook. One of the hardest things to accomplish in a poem written for uninterested college students is making it understandable and enjoyable by the audience, but this poem does it very well. In doing so, however, it also includes several important elements of poetic language that will educate the reader while at the same time keeping him or her interested. The initial paragraph lures the reader into believing that this is a happy lover’s poem written to woo a woman with whom he is in love. The steady string of compliments mesh together very well and leave a warm and happy image of the pair’s relationship. The imagery is wonderful as well, as in this example: â€Å"My vegetable love should grow / Vaster than empires, and more slow† (Marvell 11-2). This sentence inspires a mental picture of a sweeping kingdom and all the vastness th...

Thursday, October 24, 2019

how Is Helium Produced? :: essays research papers

"How Is Helium Produced?" Production: Although Helium is one of the most common elements in the universe it is a rare gas on earth. It exists in the atmosphere in such small quantities (less than five parts per million) that recovering it from the air is uneconomical. Helium is produced as a by-product of the refining of natural gas, which is carried out on a commercial scale in the USA and Poland. In these areas natural gas contains a relatively high concentration of Helium which has accumulated as a result of radioactive decay of heavy elements within the earth's crust. Helium is supplied to distribution centres throughout the world in liquid form in large cryogenic containers. The Helium is filled into liquid containers, gas cylinders and cylinder packs as necessary. History of Helium Production: Government involvement in helium conservation dates to the Helium Act of 1925 which authorized the Bureau of Mines to build and operate a large-scale helium extraction and purification plant. From 1929 until 1960 the federal government was the only domestic helium producer. In 1960, Congress amended the Helium Act to provide incentives to natural gas producers for stripping natural gas of its helium, for purchase of the separated helium by the government, and for its long-term storage. With over 960 million cubic meters (34.6 billion cubic feet) of helium in government storage and a large private helium recovery industry, questions arise as to the need for either the federal helium extraction program or the federally maintained helium stockpile. In a move which would take the federal government out of the helium business, Congress passed the Helium Privatization Act (H.R. 873) as part of the Seven- Year Balanced Budget Reconciliation Act of 1995 (H.R. 2491). Although the measure died when the President vetoed the Budget Act on December 6, 1995, the Administration has made a goal the privatization of the federal helium program. On April 30, 1996, the House suspended the rules and passed H.R. 3008, the Helium Privatization Act as agreed to in the House-Senate conference on the Budget Act. Subsequently, the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee amended the bill to provide for the National Academy of Sciences to study how best to dispose of the helium reserve. On September 26, 1996, with limited time remaining for the 104th Congress, the House again suspended the rules and passed H.R. 4168, a new bill containing the Senate Committee language. This would avoid the need for a conference if the Senate would also pass the same bill. The Senate did so on September 28, 1996. This report reviews the origin and

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

Observational research Essay

Observational research, also known as field research, pertains to a research approach that engages in the direct recording of a phenomenon as it occurs in its natural condition (Zechmeister et al. , 2003). This research approach is distinct from the other research methods because it employs a quasi-artificial scenario that is comprised of a number of factors, of which some could be controlled. The capacity to control at least one of the factors in the environment allows the researcher to perform the scientific method that would answer the developed hypothesis. Observational research could be performed using any of the three classified types of observational techniques. The covert type of observational research involves unidentified researchers that directly interact with the study participants and remain undetected until the completion of the investigation. In other cases, the researchers are positioned at a distance from the study participants, yet are still capable of direct observation of the actions and interactions that each of the study participants engages in. One advantage of this type of observational research approach is that the study participants are not required to cooperate with the researcher. The anonymity of the researcher in the scenario provides study participants to freely express themselves and to liberally make decisions without being influenced by the researcher. Unfortunately, it is also possible that certain ethical violations could be related to this type of observational approach, mainly as a form of deception that is associated with the researchers’ anonymity. The overt type of observational research allows the researchers to identify themselves to the study participants. In addition, the researchers are also required to fully disclose the purpose of their investigation to the study participants. One disadvantage that is strongly associated with the overt type of observational research is the impact of the disclosure on the behavior of the study participants during the entire experimental period. It is actually natural for an individual to be watchful of their actions when they are aware that at least one individual is observing their behavior. As such, the study participant exerts effort in projecting the ideal personality that is acceptable to the eyes of the beholder and definitely not reflective of the actual personality of the study participant. However, it should be understood that in this type of observational research approach, there would be no ethical issues related to deception of the study participants because the identity and the goals of the investigator have been disclosed early on. Researcher participation is another observational type of research approach that engages the investigator in the scenario that is being studied. One advantage of this type of observational technique is that the investigator is allowed to directly interact and to directly appreciate an incident that is being studied. Aside from taking notes of the effects and reactions of the study participants, the researcher also interacts with the rest of the scenario and regards himself as another study participant in the investigation. One disadvantage of this observational type is that the investigator may lose track of the goals of his research study because he becomes extremely engrossed in the activities occurring in the study scenario. In the observational study described in this unit, the covert approach was employed, wherein the investigator directly interacted with 50 study participants with their knowledge of his role and his goals in the interaction. In addition, the study participants are unaware that they are being observed in terms of their attitudes and responses to a specific stimulus or setting. The investigator thus chooses to project a smiling stance as he talks to 50 individuals and he takes note of the response of each of the study participants during his exchange with them. The investigator then rates the response of each of the study participants as very friendly, friendly or neutral.